Blood Pressure Analysis in the Runner Community towards the Risk of Exercise-Induced Hypertension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33006/ji-kes.v9i1.897Abstract
Abstrak
Hipertensi meningkatkan risiko penyakit jantung secara global, sementara olahraga lari telah menjadi populer sebagai langkah pencegahan. Namun, hal ini juga dapat menyebabkan Hipertensi yang Dipicu oleh Olahraga (EIH), terutama pada pelari jarak jauh berusia paruh baya yang menunjukkan tingkat EIH lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok usia lain. Studi ini menyelidiki variasi tekanan darah sebelum dan setelah berlari dalam komunitas pelari. Menggunakan desain pra-eksperimental dengan pendekatan pra-tes dan pasca-tes, studi ini melibatkan responden berusia di atas 18 tahun yang berlari lebih dari 1-kilometer dan berlatih setidaknya dua kali seminggu. Sebanyak 36 anggota komunitas dipilih secara purposif. Tekanan darah dan denyut nadi diukur sebelum dan segera setelah berlari. Sebagian besar responden adalah laki-laki (33,3%), muda (52,78%), dan tidak merokok (72,2%). Temuan menunjukkan bahwa berlari tidak secara signifikan mempengaruhi Tekanan Darah Sistolik (p>0,05), tetapi mempengaruhi Tekanan Darah Diastolik (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perubahan signifikan pada tekanan darah, menunjukkan adanya EIH (tekanan darah istirahat <140/90 mmHg dan maksimum selama olahraga ≥210 mmHg untuk pria dan ≥190 mmHg untuk wanita). Tekanan darah yang stabil atau menurun dikaitkan dengan vasodilatasi metabolik selama olahraga. Pemantauan tekanan darah secara terus-menerus sangat penting untuk mengurangi risiko kesehatan yang potensial.
Kata kunci: hipertensi, latihan fisik, pelari, tekanan darah
Abstract
Hypertension increases the risk of heart disease globally, while running has gained popularity as a preventive measure. However, it can also lead to Exercise-Induced Hypertension (EIH), particularly in middle-aged long-distance runners who exhibit higher EIH levels than other age groups. This study investigates blood pressure variations before and after running within a running community. Utilizing a pre-experimental design with a pre- and post-test approach, the study included respondents over 18 years old, who ran more than 1 kilometer and trained at least twice weekly. A purposive sample of 36 community members was selected. Blood pressure and pulse were measured before and immediately after running. The majority of respondents were male (33.3%), young (52.78%), and non-smokers (72.2%). Findings indicated that running did not significantly affect Systolic Blood Pressure (p>0.05), but it did impact Diastolic Blood Pressure (p<0.05). No significant changes in blood pressure were observed, suggesting EIH (resting blood pressure <140/90 mmHg and maximum during exercise ≥210 mmHg for men and ≥190 mmHg for women). The stable or decreased blood pressure is attributed to metabolic vasodilation during exercise. Continuous blood pressure monitoring is essential to mitigate potential health risks.
Keywords: blood pressure; hypertension; physical exercise; runner
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