Optimasi dan Uji Efektivitas Gel Shampoo Antiketombe Poliherbal terhadap Jamur Penyebab Ketombe

Benazir Evita Rukaya; Syuhada

doi:10.33006/jikes.v8i2.869

Authors

Benazir Evita Rukaya Politeknik Kaltara, Tarakan, Indonesia
Syuhada Politeknik Kaltara, Tarakan , Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33006/jikes.v8i2.869

Abstract

Abstrak

Ketombe adalah masalah utama bagi sebagian besar masyarakat di dunia. Kemunculan ketombe biasanya dipengaruhi oleh adanya infeksi jamur Malassezia furfur yang mempengaruhi estetika dan sering menimbulkan rasa gatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh sediaan gel shampoo poliherbal dengan konsentrasi kombinasi ekstrak seledri, bawang dayak dan daun sirih yang optimal dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Malassezia furfur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental in vitro, yang diawali dengan proses maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% untuk masing-masing tanaman, kemudian diuapkan untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kental. Ekstrak diformulasikan menjadi 3 variasi konsentrasi kombinasi (daun seledri: bawang dayak: sirih) dengan perbandingan (2:1:3);(3:2:1); dan (1:3:2) dan dilakukan uji pendahuluan, selanjutnya diformulasikan menjadi sediaan gel shampoo dan dilakukan evaluasi stabilitas fisik sediaan. Selain itu, juga dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antijamur lanjutan dengan 3 kelompok uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan konsentrasi yang optimal adalah F3 (1:3:2), shampoo poliherbal (F3) memiliki aktivitas antijamur sebesar 24,20 mm. Shampoo ini juga menunjukkan stabilitas busa yang baik dan pH yang sesuai dengan standar produk perawatan kulit. Kesimpulan, shampoo poliherbal yang mengandung kombinasi ekstrak seledri, bawang dayak, dan daun sirih memiliki potensi sebagai produk perawatan kulit dengan aktivitas antijamur yang efektif dan stabil, serta aman digunakan.

Kata kunci: antijamur, bawang dayak, gel shampoo, sirih, seledri

Abstract

Dandruff is a common issue for many people worldwide. Its appearance is often associated with the fungal infection Malassezia furfur, which affects aesthetics and frequently causes itching. This study aimed to develop a polyherbal gel shampoo formulation with an optimal concentration of celery, Dayak onion, and betel leaf extracts to inhibit the growth of Malassezia furfur. The research method used in this study was an in vitro experimental approach, starting with the maceration process using 70% ethanol as a solvent for each plant, followed by evaporation to obtain a concentrated extract. The extracts were formulated into three different combination concentration variations (celery: Dayak onion: betel leaf) with ratios of (2:1:3), (3:2:1), and (1:3:2), followed by preliminary testing. The formulations were then developed into gel shampoo preparations and subjected to physical stability evaluations. Additionally, antifungal activity testing was conducted with three test groups. The results showed that the optimal concentration ratio was F3 (1:3:2), where the polyherbal shampoo (F3) demonstrated antifungal activity of 24.20 mm. This shampoo also exhibited good foam stability and a pH that aligns with skincare product standards. In conclusion, polyherbal shampoo containing a combination of celery, dayak onion, and betel leaf extracts has potential as a skin care product with effective and stable antifungal activity, and is safe to use.

Keywords: antifungal, dayak onion, gel shampoo, betel leaf, celery

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