Gangguan Pertumbuhan Janin sebagai Dampak Menurunnya Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Ibu Hamil

Vike Mei Diastutik; Iis Rahmawati; Yunita Armiyanti

doi:10.33006/jikes.v7i2.769

Authors

Vike Mei Diastutik Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia
Iis Rahmawati Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia
Yunita Armiyanti Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33006/jikes.v7i2.769

Abstract

Abstrak

Angka kejadian karies gigi dan gingivitis sering terjadi pada wanita hamil. Sekitar 60 hingga 75% wanita hamil menderita gingivitis, mengabaikan kesehatan mulut dan gigi selama kehamilan, sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan gigi, radang gusi, plak gigi, dan periodontitis. Kondisi tersebut memiliki efek buruk pada ibu hamil dan bayinya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil terhadap pertumbuhan janin. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Probolinggo pada bulan September 2023. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan rekam medis/buku KIA dari Januari sampai Mei 2023. Variabel independent adalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil. Variabel dependent adalah pertumbuhan janin. Populasi yaitu semua ibu hamil sebanyak 21.212 orang. Sampling menggunakan simple random sampling. Sampel yaitu Sebagian ibu hamil sebanyak 96 orang. Analisis bivariat menggunakan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar status kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil sehat sejumlah 67 ibu hamil (70%). Sebagian besar pertumbuhan janin normal yaitu 54 ibu hamil (56%). Ada pengaruh kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil terhadap pertumbuhan janin.Upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu tenaga kesehatan memberikan penyuluhan kepada ibu hamil tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang juga dapat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan janin.

Kata kunci: kesehatan gigi dan mulut, kehamilan, pertumbuhan janin, tinggi fundus uteri (TFU)

Abstract

Pregnant women are frequently at risk for gingivitis and dental cavities. About 60 to 75% pregnant women suffer gingivitis, neglecting oral and dental health during pregnancy, resulting in tooth decay, gingivitis, dental plaque, and periodontitis. This condition has bad effects on expectant mother and babies. The aim research is determine effect expectant mother’s dental and oral health fetal growth. The research was conducted in Probolinggo Regency in September 2023. This research was analytical observational study with cross-sectional design. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and medical records/KIA books from January to May 2023. The independent variable was dental and oral health pregnant. The dependent variable fetal growth. There are 21,212 expectant mothers in the population. Basic random sampling is used in sampling. The sample consisted of 96 expectant mother. Bivariate analysis using chi-square.The majority of the study's participants, 67 expectant mother (70%), had good dental and oral health. Of the 54 expectant mother (56%), the majority had normal fetal growth. The oral and dental health of expectant mother affects the growth of the fetus. Health professionals might try to inform expectant mother about the relationship between dental and oral health and fetal development.

Keywords: dental and oral health, pregnant, fetal growth, fundus uteri height (TFU)

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