HUBUNGAN STUNTING DENGAN OVERWEIGHT DAN RANGE OF MOTION (ROM) EKSTREMITAS BAWAH PADA BALITA

Witri Pratiwi; Mohamad Irwan Dharmansyah; Zeha Nur Qolbi

doi:10.33006/jikes.v7i2.740

Authors

Witri Pratiwi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-9198
Mohamad Irwan Dharmansyah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia
Zeha Nur Qolbi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33006/jikes.v7i2.740

Abstract

Abstrak

Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan balita yang dapat menyebabkan dampak besar baik dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara stunting dengan berat badan berlebih dan obesitas serta terbatasnya Range of Motion (ROM) pada balita. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Perumnas Utara Kota Cirebon ditentukan melalui teknik insidental sampling. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui pemeriksaan fisik dan dianalisis uji Fisher dengan batas signifikansi 0,05. Terdapat 120 balita mengikuti penelitian, terdiri dari 47,5% laki-laki dan 52,5% perempuan. Proporsi gizi lebih dan obesitas sebesar 15% sedangkan stunting sebesar 35%. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara stunting dan status gizi berlebih (p=0,288; POR= 0,481; 95%CI 0,148–1.568). Didapatkan hubungan stunting dengan terbatasnya ROM pada sendi panggul untuk gerakan fleksi [p<0,0001; POR 9,37 (95%CI 3,95–22,21)], abduksi [p<0,0001; POR 7,77 (95%CI 3,23–18,69)] dan adduksi [p<0,001; POR 4,78 (95%CI 2.14–10.70)]. Didapatkan hubungan stunting dengan terbatasnya ROM pada fleksi lutut [p<0,0001; POR 10,16 (95%CI 4,09–25,28)], dorsofleksi [p<0,0001; POR 5,95 (95%CI 2,29–15,438)] dan plantarfleksi [p<0,0001; POR 5,32 (95%CI 2,32–12,22)]. Balita stunting mengalami keterbatasan ROM pada ekstremitas bawah. Rehabilitasi medis perlu dilakukan pada balita stunting untuk mengembalikan fungsi gerakan sendi secara optimal.

Kata kunci: obesitas, overweight, range of motion (ROM), stunting, persendian

Abstract

Stunting is health problem of toddlers that can cause major impacts both in short and long term. This study aims to analyze the correlation between stunting and overweight or obesity as well as limited ROM in children under 5 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted on children aged 1-5 years in Perumnas Utara Public Health Center, Cirebon City which were recruited using incidental sampling technique. Primary data was collected through physical examination. There were 120 respondents who participated (47.5% boys and 52.5% girls). The proportion of overweight and obesity was 15%, while stunting was 35%. There was no significant correlation between stunting and overweight (p=0.288; POR= 0.481; 95%CI 0.148–1.568). There was a correlation between stunting and limited ROM in hip joint for flexion [p<0.0001; POR 9.37 (95%CI 3.95–22.21)], abduction [p<0.0001; POR 7.77 (95%CI 3.23–18.69)] and adduction [p<0.001; POR 4.78 (95%CI 2.14–10.70)]. There was correlation between stunting and limited ROM in knee flexion [p<0.0001; POR 10.16 (95%CI 4.09–25.28)], dorsiflexion [p<0.0001; POR 5.95 (95 %CI 2.29–15.438)] and plantarflexion [p<0.0001; POR 5.32 (95%CI 2.32–12.22)]. Stunting toddler have limited lower extremities ROM. Medical rehabilitation needs to be carried out to maintain optimal joint movement.

Keywords: obesity, overweight, range of motion (ROM), stunting, joints

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